10 Fascinating Facts About These Iconic Tropical Birds
Discover the vibrant world of Costa Rica Toucans – from their oversized bills to the rainforests they call home.
Colorful, charismatic, and unmistakable—toucans are some of Costa Rica’s most beloved birds. With their enormous bills and striking feathers, these rainforest residents are more than just a pretty face. Learn more about the species of toucans found in Costa Rica and what makes them so remarkable.
1. Six Toucan Species Live in Costa Rica
Costa Rica is home to six toucan species: the Keel-billed Toucan (alos called Rainbow-billed Toucan), Chestnut-mandibled Toucan (also called Yellow-throated), Collared Aracari, Fiery-billed Aracari, Emerald Toucanet, and Northern Emerald-Toucanet. Each species occupies different regions and elevations throughout the country’s forests.
2. The Keel-Billed Toucan Is the Most Iconic
Also known as the Rainbow-billed Toucan, the Keel-billed Toucan is a symbol of Costa Rican wildlife. Its bill features a kaleidoscope of colors—lime green, orange, red, and blue—and can grow up to 5–6 inches long.
3. Toucan Bills Are Surprisingly Light
Despite their large size, a toucan’s bill is made of keratin with a honeycomb structure inside, making it incredibly lightweight. This adaptation allows them to reach fruit on delicate branches and regulate body temperature.
4. Costa Rica Toucans Play a Key Role in Seed Dispersal
Toucans are primarily frugivores, meaning their diet consists mostly of fruit. As they eat and fly, they help disperse seeds across the forest, making them essential to rainforest regeneration.
5. They Are Social Birds
Most toucans travel in small groups or family units. You’ll often hear them before you see them—their croaking calls echo through the canopy, especially in the early morning.
6. Toucans Nest in Tree Cavities
These birds rely on woodpecker holes or natural cavities to nest, as they cannot excavate their own. Habitat loss makes it harder for them to find suitable nesting spots, especially in deforested areas.
7. The Fiery-billed Aracari Is Found Only in Southern Costa Rica
This striking bird with a flame-colored bill is endemic to the Pacific lowlands of southern Costa Rica and western Panama, making it a prized sighting for birdwatchers.
8. The Emerald Toucanet Prefers the Highlands
Unlike its more flamboyant relatives, the Emerald Toucanet is smaller and mostly green. It inhabits cloud forests in higher elevations like Monteverde and Braulio Carrillo National Park.
9. Costa Rica Toucans Have Zygodactyl Feet
Their two front and two back toes help them grip branches tightly and hop easily through dense forest canopies. These special feet make them agile climbers and nesters.
10. Best Places to See Costa Rica Toucans
For a chance to spot toucans in the wild, visit areas like the Osa Peninsula, Arenal Volcano National Park, Sarapiquí, and Monteverde. Many eco-lodges and canopy tours offer great toucan-watching opportunities.
Want to support Costa Rica’s vibrant wildlife?
Consider donating to or visiting local wildlife rescue centers that help protect toucans and their forest homes.